Pump



March 12, 1957 IN V EN TOR. ALVA W. WOODWARD PUMP A. W. WOODWARD Filed July 17, 1953 ATTORNEY United States Patent C) PUMP Alva W. Woodward, Kent, Ohio Application July 17, 1953, Serial No. 368,556

14 Claims. (Cl. 103-475) as pumping gasoline, oil, and water, but a satisfactory pump has been too. expensive so that they have not been widely used. A pump of this type is exposed in many applications to adverse weather conditions which quickly deteriorates the eflfectiveness of the pump so that any satisfactory pump necessarily is of simple construction K so that it may be easily dismantled for repair and assembled after repair. It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a simple efiicient doubleacting reciprocating pump.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel arrangement to attach the crank arm to the piston to provide the reciprocating motion.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a cushioned piston action to assist the operator to overcome the static pressure in the pump when starting to pump or other pressure surges during the operation.

It is also. an object to provide a pump structure that requires. a minimum of machining of th component parts.

A still further object is to provide a pump which can U be assembled quickly and easily from parts that are inexpensive tofabricate.

These and other objects will be apparent herein as the description thereof proceeds and in the claims, hereunto appended.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a front elevation cross section of the pump;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 22 ofFigure l; and

Figure 31 is a perspective view of the pump.

Inthe. drawings, the numeral 1 represents the pump body. including thecylinder 2 with the piston 3 therein and the endhousings 4 and 5 assembled with the center section 6. As shown the intake opening 7 and outlet opening 8' are disposed on opposite ends of the center section 6 but may belocatcd differentlyif desired.

The intake opening 7 is threaded as at 9 and adapted to be connected to the pipe (not shown) leading to the supply of liquid to be pumped and the outlet opening. 8 is threaded as at 10 and adapted to be connected to the outletpipe. Interior-ally of'the inlet opening, the opening ll extendingtransversely to theinlet passage through the center. section 60f the pump, permits passage of the fluidbeing pumpedintothe interior of pump body. The opening 11 is counterbored from one side to receive the screenlZ toprevent foreign material from entering the pump. Airing13 is positioned in a second counterbore'l l to hold the screen 12 in place and a snap ring 15 main tains the-ring 13 in position. Concave diaphragms 16 and 17 arenormally held seated against the seats on the opening 111 by tension spring 18 which will allow the diaphragms to open one at a time when the pump is being operated.

Interiorly of the outlet opening 8, the transversely extending opening 19 through the center section permits passage of the fluid out of the interior of the pump body through the outlet opening 8. One side of the opening 19 is counterbored to receive the ring 20 to provide a seat for the convex diaphragm 21. Snap ring 22 holds the ring 20 in position. Convex diaphragms 23 and 21 are held normally in the closed position by the compression spring 24.

The end housings 4 and 5 are complementary sections forming a sealed cavity when assembled on opposite sides of center 6. The housings are held in the assembled position by bolts 25 passing through aligned openings in the housings 4 and 5 and center section 6 with the nuts 26 threaded on the end of the bolts.

The cylinder 2 is formed of sections 27 and 28 of tube pressed in the counterbores 29 and 30 respectively on the opposed faces of the center section 6. The interior of the tubes 27 and 28 with the opening 31 in the center section 6 form the interior or bore of the cylinder in which the piston 3 reciprocates to move fluid through the pump. The stroke of the piston is such that the opening 31 in the center section need not be machined.

The piston 3 has heads 32 and 33 disposed on opposite ends thereof joined in fixed relation by the symmetrically spaced elements 3- 5, 35, 36, and 3'7. A piston ring 38 is provided on each head to form a pressure seal between the piston and bore of the cylinder.

In order to reciprocate the piston 3 in the cylinder 2, a boss 39 is provided on the center section 6 extending into the interior of the cylinder between the heads 32 and 33, and in a generally perpendicular relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. The boss 39 is adapted to receive a flanged bearing sleeve 40 through which a shaft 41 is rotatably' mounted. On the inner end of the sleeve, a packing ring 42 or gasket is forced in sealing relation with the shaft by the screws 43 and 44 to prevent the fluid in the pump from. leaking out about the shaft 41. As illustrated a handle 45 is attached to the center end of the shaft 41 to rotate the shaft and operate the pump by hand. A pulley or gear may be attached instead of the shaft 41 if it is desired to drive the pump by a motor.

As shown, a crank arm 46 is formed on the inner end of shaft 41 and extends into the center portion of the cylinder. A toggle link 47 is pivotally attached. to the end of the crank arm 46. As shown in Fig. 2 each end ofth'e toggle link 47 is bifurcated with pins 48 and 49 through the bifurcated portions to provide means for attaching the connecting links 50 and 51. The crank arm 46 is connected to piston by means of the connecting links SllandSl which are pivotally attached to pins 52 and 53 afiixed to the piston. As shown a. bifurcated boss is formed on the back of each of. the piston heads and the pins 52 and 53 pass through the bifurcated portion. The connecting links 50 and 5 1 are of equal length and as shown are formed of resilient material such as spring steel with a loop on each end with the intermediate portion slightly bowed. The bow of each link is toward the adjacent cylinder wall so that the bows of the links are in opposite directions. The loops provide a convenient meansof attaching the links to the pins so that the links may pivot about the pins as the piston reciprocates, as it is only necessary to insert the link into the bifurcation then insert'the pin through the loop of the link. The link 50 is attachedto the pin-s 48 and 5 2 of the toggle link and piston. respectively'while the link 51 is attached to the pins 49 and 53 with the bowed portions being opposedto each other. While the links 50 and 51 are shown and described as being formed of resilient rnaterial such as spring steel, rigid links also will function to reciprocate the piston as the crank is turned.

The pins 48 and 49 in the toggle link 47 are equally spaced from the center of the crank arm 46 to equally distribute the forces from the crank arm to the plston. The pins 52 and 53 equidistant from the pins 48 and 49 irrespective of the position of the piston and crank and also are always on opposite sides of a vertical line passlng through the center of the shaft 41 and similarly on opposite sides as well as equidistant from the center of rotation of the toggle link 47. The pins 52 and 53 also are fixed to the piston equidistant above and below the horizontal line passing through the center of the shaft 41 when the axis of the piston is horizontal. As the shaft 41 is rotated the connecting toggle 47 and links 50 and 51 convert the rotary movement into straight line movement to reciprocate the piston in the cylinder. By the use of resilient links, it is possible to have limited rotational movement of the shaft 41 without lateral motion of the piston because the links will tend to arch more or straighten out if an above normal force is required to move the piston. Such cushioning is beneficial to assist in counteracting the effects of overcoming initial static pressure in the pump or surging through the line.

In the operation of the pump a line leading to the supply of liquid is attached to the inlet opening and similarly a line is attached to the outlet opening. As the crank arm is rotated counterclockwise as seen in Fig. 1 the piston moves toward the left which causes a suction to be created by the right head of the piston to open the right inlet valve allowing the fluid to enter this side of the pump. At the same time the liquid in the left hand side of the pump is being moved through the pump body to open the left outlet valve allowing the fluid to pass through into the outlet. As the crank arm continues to rotate, the piston reaches the end of stroke and starts to move to the right, which closes the left outlet valve and right inlet valve and creates a suction on the left to open the left inlet valve. At the same time the liquid in the right side of the pump body is forced out through the right outlet valve. When the piston reaches the end of the stroke to the right, the aforementioned cycle is repeated.

While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for the purpose of illustrating the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a reciprocating pump, a pump body, a cylinder of uniform bore in said body, inlet and outlet openings on said body, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a piston in said cylinder having spaced heads adapted to reciprocate in said bore, a shaft rotatably mounted on said body extending into said bore between said heads, a crank pin on the end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally mounted on said crank pin, a link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston between the shaft and one head, and a second link member pivotally connected adjacent the other end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston between the shaft and the other head, the line joining the said points of attachment of the links to the piston passing through the center of the shaft when the piston is in the center position.

2. In a reciprocating pump, a pump body, a cylinder of uniform bore in said body, inlet and outlet openings on said body, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a piston in said cylinder having spaced heads adapted to reciprocate in said bore, a shaft rotatably mounted on said body extending into said bore between said heads, a crank pin on the end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally mounted on said crank pin, a resilient lin member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston between the shaft and one head, and a second resilient link member pivotally connected adjacent the other end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston between the shaft and the opposite head, the line joining the said points of attachment of the links to the piston passing through the center of the shaft when the piston is in the center position.

3. In a reciprocating pump, a pump body, a cylinder of uniform bore in said body, inlet and outlet openings on said body valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a piston in said cylinder having spaced heads adapted to reciprocate in said bore, a shaft rotatably mounted on said body extending into said bore between said heads, means to rotate said shaft, a crank pin on the end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally mounted on said crank pin, a resilient outwardly arched link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston adjacent one head, and a second resilient outwardly arched link member pivotally connected adjacent the other end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston adjacent the opposite head, the line joining the said points of attachment of the links to the piston passing through the center of the shaft when the piston is in the center position.

4. A double acting reciprocating pump comprising a pump body, a cylinder in said body having a uniform bore, a piston therein having a head on each end connected in spaced relation, a crank arm extending through said body into said bore between said heads, a rigid toggle link pivotally mounted on the inner end of the said crank arm between said heads, a first link member pivotally connected to one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one of said piston heads, a similar second link member pivotally connected to other end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent other said piston head, inlet and outlet openings in said body and valve members in said inlet and outlet openings.

5. A double acting reciprocating pump comprising a pump body, a cylinder in said body having a uniform bore, a piston therein having a head on each end connected in spaced relation, a crank arm extending through said body into said bore between said heads, a rigid toggle link pivotally mounted on the inner end of the crank arm between said heads, a first resilient link member pivotally connected to one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one of said piston heads, a similar second resilient link member pivotally connected to other end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent other said piston head, inlet and outlet openings in said body, and valve members in said inlet and outlet openings. 6. A double acting reciprocating pump comprising a pump body, inlet and outlet openings in said body, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a cylinder in said body having a uniform bore, a double headed piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder bore, and means to reciprocate said piston, said means comprising a shaft rotatably mounted on said body and extending into said bore between said heads, a crank arm on the inner end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one head, a similar second link member allochirally connected to the said toggle link and adjacent the opposite head of said piston, said first and second link members attached to the piston at positions equidistant from points of connection to the toggle link, said positions at all times being on opposite sides of said shaft both in horizontal and vertical directions with the vertical distances being equal when the axis of the cylinder is horizontal.

7. A double acting reciprocating pump comprising a pump body, inlet and outlet openings in said body, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a cylinder in said body having a uniform bore, a double headed piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder bore, and means to reciprocate said piston, said means comprising a rotatable shaft mounted on said body and extending into said bore between said heads, a crank arm on the inner end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first resilient link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one head, a similar second resilient link member allochirally connected to the said toggle link and adjacent the opposite head of said piston, said first and second link members attached to the piston at positions equidistant from points of connection to the toggle link, said positions at all times being on opposite sides of said shaft both in horizontal and vertical directions with the vertical distances being equal when the axis of the cylinder is horizontal.

8. A double acting reciprocating pump comprising a pump body, inlet and outlet openings in said body, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a cylinder in said body having a uniform bore, a double headed piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder bore, and means to reciprocate said piston, said means comprising a rotatable shaft mounted on said body and extending into said bore between said heads, a crank arm on the inner end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first resilient bowed link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one head, a similar second resilient bowed link member allochirally connected to the said toggle and adjacent the opposite head of said piston, said first and second link members attached to the piston at positions equidistant from points of connection to the toggle link, said positions at all times being on opposite sides of said shaft both in horizontal and vertical directions with the vertical distances being equal when the axis of the cylinder is horizontal.

9. A double acting reciprocating pump including a pair of complementary end sections, a center section and fastening means holding said sections in assembled relationship to form a pump body, an inlet opening on one side of said pump body, an outlet opening on the opposite side of said pump body, a valve member in said inlet opening, a valve member in said outlet opening, a cylinder in said body, said cylinder comprising portions of tubing held in axial alignment on opposite sides of said center section and inclosed by the end sections, a piston in said cylinder having spaced heads, and means to reciprocate said piston in said cylinder to draw liquid into said pump body through said inlet opening and force the liquid out said outlet opening, said means comprising a shaft rotatably mounted on said body and extending into said bore between said heads, a crank arm on the inner end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one head, a similar second link member allochirally connected to the said toggle link and adjacent the opposite head of said piston, said first and second link mem bers attached to the piston at positions equidistant from points of connection to the toggle link, said positions at all times being on opposite sides of said shaft both in horizontal and vertical directions with the vertical distances being equal when the axis of the cylinder is horizontal.

10. A double acting reciprocating pump including a pair of complementary end sections, a center section and fastening means holding said sections in assembled relationship to form a pump body, an inlet opening on one side of said pump body, an outlet opening on the opposite side of said pump body, a screen in said inlet opening, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a cylinder in said body, said cylinder comprising portions of tubing held in axial alignment on opposite sides of said center section and enclosed by the end sections, a piston in said s n s having p c d hea and means t re proc t said piston in said cylinder to draw liquid into said pump body through said inletopening and force the liquid out said outlet opening, said means comprising a shaft o tatably mounted on said body and extending into said bore between said heads, a crank arm on the inner end of said shaft, a rigid toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first resilient link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent one head, a similar second resilient link member allochirally connected to the said toggle link and adjaceint the opposite head of said piston, said first and second link members attached to the piston at positions equidistant from points of connection to the toggle link, said positions at all times being on opposite sides of said shaft both in horizontal and vertical directions with the vertical distances being equal when the axis of the cylinder is horizontal.

11. A double acting reciprocating pump including a pair of complementary end sections, a center section and fastening means holding said sections in assembled relationship to form a pump body, an inlet opening on one side of said pump body, an outlet opening on the opposite side of said pump body, valve members in said inlet and outlet openings, a cylinder in said body, said cylinder comprising portions of tubing held in axial alignment on opposite sides of said center section and enclosed by the end sections, a piston in said cylinder having spaced heads, and means to reciprocate said piston in said cylinder to draw liquid into said pump body through said inlet opening and force the liquid out said outlet opening, said means comprising a shaft rotatably mounted on said body extending into said cylinder between said heads, a crank pin on the end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally mounted on said crank pin, a spring steel bowed link member pivotally connected adajcent one end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston adjacent one head, and a second spring steel bowed link member pivotally connected adjacent the other end of said toggle link and pivotally attached to the piston adjacent the opposite head, the line joining the said points of attachment of the links to the piston passing through the center of the shaft when the piston is in the center position.

12. A double acting reciprocating pump including a body having inlet and outlet openings, valve members controlling the flow of fluid through the inlet and outlet openings, a cylinder in said body having a uniform bore, a double headed piston adapted to reciprocate in said bore, and means to reciprocate said piston, said means comprising a rotatably mounted shafit extending into said bore between said piston heads, a crank arm on the inner end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first link member attached to one end of said crank arm and to the piston adjacent one head, a second link member attached to the other end of said crank arm and the piston adjacent the other head of said piston and means on the outer end of the shaft to rotate said shaft whereby the piston is reciprocated in the cylinder with the forces being equally distributed to the piston during the complete stroke of the piston.

13. A piston reciprocating mechanism adapted for use in a double acting pump including a cylinder having a bore therein, a piston in said bore, a first head on one end of said piston, and a second head on the opposite end of said piston, said mechanism comprising a shaft rotatably mounted and extending into the bore of said cylinder between said first and second heads, a crank arm on the end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to said crank arm, a first link member pivotally connected to one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent said first head of said piston and a second link member attached to the other end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent said second head of said piston to provide equal distribution to the piston of the 7 r H forces when reciprocating the piston by rotating the shaft. 1 r

14. A piston reciprocating mechanism adapted for use in a double acting pump including a cylinder having a bore therein, a piston in said bore, a first head on one end of said piston, and a second head on the opposite end of said piston, said mechanism comprising a shaft rotatably mounted and extending into the bore of said cylinder between said first and second heads, a crank arm on the inner'end of said shaft, a toggle link pivotally attached to the end of said crank arm, a first resilient link member pivotally connected adjacent one end of said toggle link and to said piston adjacent said first head, a similar second resilient link member allochirally conncoted to the said toggle link and adjacent the second 8 1 1. head of said piston, said first and second link members attached to the piston at positions equidistant from points of connection to the toggle link, said positions at all times being on opposite sides of said shaft both in horizontal and vertical directions with the vertical distances being equal when the axis of the cylinder isihorizontal.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Germany Aug. 27, 1951 

